Classical+Greece

**Assignment 1.1 ** //APPARTS on Thucydides//

Author/s:

Who created this? Know? Bias?


 * Pericles, politician(strong) changed democracy to more fair + open; city prospered + poor citz. Had voice. Prideful of city.
 * Because he is a politician = bias → he's prideful of his city + gains citz's favor through appealing to loss

Place:

Where? When?

-Athens

-431-430BCE after Peloponnessian War.

Prior Knowledge:

Know? Learned? Revelent?


 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Peloponnesian War between Athens and Spart/a
 * <span style="display: block; line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt; mso-list: l6 level1 lfo2; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list .5in;"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Athens = Greece = democratic society/governmental society
 * <span style="display: block; line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt; mso-list: l6 level1 lfo2; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list .5in;"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">middle of trade, sea ports off the medi sea = rich
 * <span style="display: block; line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt; mso-list: l6 level1 lfo2; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list .5in;"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Sparta = warring nation, age 6 start to learn to fight
 * <span style="display: block; line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt; mso-list: l6 level1 lfo2; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list .5in;"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Athens = knowledge, reverence of skill and intellect
 * <span style="display: block; line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt; mso-list: l6 level1 lfo2; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list .5in;"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Rich + gothic architure = prosperous country

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Audience:

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Intended? Support. How received? Delivery?


 * <span style="display: block; line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt; mso-list: l9 level1 lfo3; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list .5in;"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">“ now that you have brought to a close your lamentations for your relatives, you may depart.”

<span style="display: block; line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt 0.5in; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">→ mourners + citizens/women/children of warriors fighting in war
 * <span style="display: block; line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt; mso-list: l9 level1 lfo3; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list .5in;"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">“Parents of dead” → they are mourning for their son who died, but Pericles is trying to make the recievment as justified + honored b/c they fought defending such a great nation of flexibility + they were only doing it to protect the lives of their loved ones,
 * <span style="display: block; line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt; mso-list: l9 level1 lfo3; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list .5in;"><span style="color: red; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">More towards everyone and the common understanding of an awesome athens.

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Reason:

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Purpose? Support.


 * <span style="display: block; line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt; mso-list: l11 level1 lfo4; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list .5in;"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">To respect the dead + persuade the parents of their dead sons and survivor that the war was justified, and that to be able to protect the freedoms and versitility of Athens is truly the most important, because the life that they lived is the one that is unlike any other. Athen is the place to “provide plenty of means for the mind to refresh itself from business” and the “city draws the produce of the world into our harbor” and they “never pass laws to exclude foreigners”
 * <span style="display: block; line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt; mso-list: l11 level1 lfo4; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list .5in;"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">He wanted to support those “who [are] graced by so happy a versitility as the Athenian” in order to get people to __want__ to join the army and fight for Athens.
 * <span style="display: block; line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt; mso-list: l11 level1 lfo4; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list .5in;"><span style="background: yellow; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">“Such is the Athens for which these men, in the assertion of their resolve not to lose her, nobly fought and died and well may every one of their suvivors be ready to suffer I her cause”

<span style="display: block; line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt 0.5in; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">→ displays resolve of it's army to counter the beliefs of others to emphasize the nature of the being an Athenian, to protect the values. <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Main Idea:

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Support.


 * <span style="display: block; line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo5; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list .5in;"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Athens is a place of a large variety of features that epmhasize the best of a person, because and the death and war was only a battle to protect the great empire who everyone was content with from falling. Athens s the place of trade, of business, of freedom, and democracy, or suporting the poor, therefore in the end, the death of the warriors who fought were not wasted, in fact they were the ones who protected the nation from losing all it's cultural values and important in the world, and therefore the war was justified.
 * <span style="display: block; line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo5; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list .5in;"><span style="color: #95b3d7; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Sacrifice with a reason, justified to die in war,
 * <span style="display: block; line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo5; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list .5in;"><span style="color: red; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">They found like that like like the nation is like great and how like yes they fought for blah blah blah
 * <span style="display: block; line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo5; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list .5in;"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">“ I doubt if the world can produce a man who is equal to so many emergencies where he has only himself to depend upon, and who is graced by so happy a versatility as the Athenian”
 * <span style="display: block; line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo5; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list .5in;"><span style="background: white; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">“ Such is the Athens for which these men, in the assertion of their resolve not to lose her, nobly fought and died; and well may every one of their survivors be ready to suffer in her cause. “
 * <span style="background: white; display: block; line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo5; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list .5in;"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">“As for prestige, advancement in public life goes to men with reputations for ability: class considerations are not allowed to interfere with merit, nor again does poverty bar the way.”

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Significance:

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Relation to big pic?

<span style="display: block; line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">**<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Assignment 1.2 **<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> //APPARTS on Sparta// <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Author/s:
 * <span style="display: block; line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt; mso-list: l10 level1 lfo6; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list .5in;"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">The most important details are included in the introduction, where Pericles points out the many features of Athenian life, of democracy, of trade, of sea ports, of entertainment, or social mobility, of acceptance. Athens one of the most prosperous nations out there, and through examining the many “democratic” views, one can see that Athen, Greece is truly a place of great prosperity (at this point).
 * <span style="display: block; line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt; mso-list: l10 level1 lfo6; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list .5in;"><span style="color: red; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Democracy suvives to AMERICA today. -=> Athens provided a basis for imporvement and a foundation for culture and civlization

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Who created this? Know? Bias?

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Place:
 * <span style="display: block; line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt; mso-list: l7 level1 lfo7; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list .5in;"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Lycurgus → very demanding in terms of loyality + creator os gov't system in sparta for entire equality A utopian society

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Where? When?

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">-sparta

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">- first bce

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Prior Knowledge:

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Know? Learned? Revelent?


 * <span style="display: block; line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt; mso-list: l5 level1 lfo8; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list .5in;"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Sparta militeristic = trained @ 6 → rest of their lives
 * <span style="display: block; line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt; mso-list: l5 level1 lfo8; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list .5in;"><span style="color: red; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Fought Athens

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Audience:

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Intended? Support. How received? Delivery?

<span style="background: #83caff; display: block; line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt 0.5in; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Lycurgus made, the first and most important was his institution of a senate, or Council of Elders <span style="display: block; line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt 0.5in; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">,” = he the powerful ruled the weak.
 * <span style="display: block; line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo9; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list .5in;"><span style="background: yellow; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Those who knew his plan and who could read and writer and be an elite counsil + formed his own group b/c obviously its not the normal citizens themselves b/c that would just mean he couldn't establish such a era of control.
 * <span style="display: block; line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo9; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list .5in;"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">I would guess the audience would take it very harshly, since they would then not be allowed to focus on their own pursuit of happiness and undertaking, but the fact that this change did occur had made it so the people seemed to think it was a good idea.
 * <span style="display: block; line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo9; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list .5in;"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">“he undertook to divide up their movable property also, in order that every vestige of unevenness and inequality might be removed”, “In the next place, he banished the unnecessary and superfluous arts. And even without such banishment most of them would have departed with the old coinage, since there was no sale for their products. For the iron money could not be carried into the rest of Greece, nor had it any value there, but was rather held in ridicule.” → traders were willing/forced + “

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Reason:

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Purpose? Support.

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Main Idea:
 * <span style="display: block; line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo10; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list .5in;"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">To get rid of inequality, supporting same economic v status, under a very demanding an militaristic account .He wanted for people to come under unity, so there would be no in fighting where Sparta would be at its weakest. People were su pposed to follow this + tyrannical control of people s way of life, without any special permissions of specialization in areas of work
 * <span style="display: block; line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo10; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list .5in;"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">“ he withdrew all gold and silver money from currency, and ordained the use of iron money only. “
 * <span style="display: block; line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo10; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list .5in;"><span style="background: aqua; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">“regulating marriages and births.... “
 * <span style="background: aqua; display: block; line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo10; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list .5in;"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">“Lycurgus ordered them all to be taken by the state and enrolled in companies, where they were put under the same discipline and nurture, and so became accustomed to share one another's sports and studies.... “
 * <span style="background: aqua; display: block; line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo10; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list .5in;"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">“considering that they belonged entirely to their country and not to themselves. “
 * <span style="background: aqua; display: block; line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo10; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list .5in;"><span style="color: red; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Dislike tyranny but put in democracy williningly

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Support.


 * <span style="display: block; line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo11; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list .5in;"><span style="background: white; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Lycurgus did not support the flexibility of Athens, because for one it might not achieve in a while, for the wises believed they should rule, but that would create an unfair represenations, because Lycurgus wanted for Sparta to become powerful and not properous in the way Athens did. He enforced unity and conformity. + They didn't want people to decentralize the gov't because they are in favor of another, a utopian society per say.
 * <span style="background: white; display: block; line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo11; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list .5in;"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">c onsidering that they belonged entirely to their country and not to themselves.

<span style="background: yellow; display: block; line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt 0.5in; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Lycurgus ordered them all to be taken by the state and enrolled in companies, where they were put under the same discipline and nurture, and so became accustomed to share one another's sports and studies.. <span style="background: yellow; display: block; line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt 0.5in; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">..
 * <span style="background: yellow; display: block; line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo11; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list .5in;"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">all the rest of their training was calculated to make them obey commands well, endure hardships, and conquer in battle.

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Significance:

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Relation to big pic?

**Assignment 1.3** //Comparison between Athens and Sparta// Difference in location = trade + cultural values are different, Difference in form of government = different way to treat those who fight in military + interactions; Athens -> does favors first and ask for favors in return + council had power, but represented under democracy people's ideas were represented Sparta => "ogligarchy" rule by seniors and a council of elders. The rule meant more room for tyranny, Militaristically both were powerful and both had a strong army that supported the government through technological advancements and classical interaction/allies + population growth due to being put into the centrre of trade and power. [] [] Main idea + summary/comparison -> overview on essay -> Thesis statement of similiarities and dissimliarity Summarize your research
 * <span style="display: block; line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo12; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list .5in;"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Sparta is completely different from Greece in the idea of the way values and traditions worked, because in Greece, not only did they allow foreign villagers to visit and trade. Sparta is trying to uniform itself as a utopian country and a more wonderful city of the prominent, rather than rule of majority. Two distinct governments in two very close places allow for comparison in what civilization is able to last the longest, or become more “sucessful” in terms of power and overall morale of the unit.

Intellectual → Idea of Heroism defined a militarily uncontrollable dominion → political influence with eastern half of Mediterranean → Culturally Rome took a larger interest in Poetry/readings/drama more than anything else + plays/drama were devoted to the gods themselves → they believed in tragedy, a strong emotional emphasis that dictated and balanced a larger understanding of human reason and the sense that the human emotions were to be controlled, or overwhelmed, tapped into → Illiad + Odyssey = two great epics by Homer → Pottery + painting/visual arts → Architecture w/ new technology emphasized toppling structures + clsasical adoptions

R → Alexander the Great had conquered a large majority of the Mediterranean regions to the Persian Empire, Egypt, and to India, but control over such a vast empire was nearly impossible, thus the vague creation of Christianity (also endorsed by Constantine(313)) attempted to unite the people of the empire through a new system of religious loyalty along with government control and etc. → Publicly held ceremonies and services to the gods and goddesses in Roman culture/religion were common, because Rome, who had a large empire, wanted to unite it's people through religion and maintain loyalty. It could be termed a “politically inspired ceremony” → Christianity was attacked by the Romans because for one the Christians did not put the state first, when asked to. Although usually the Romans were tolerant of new and diverse religions, as long as those religion brought together loyalty, then it was allowed. → Emperors even tried to gain more popularity by declaring themselves directly related to a god, gaining fame and aspiration to the people, a democracy, and diverted civil warfare. → There was no sense of a “Major” religion, rather the Greco-roman religion had only adopted a sense of gods in nature and was very primitive compared to India and China. Also Christianity had only gained power near the end of the Roman Empire → Because there was really no power really in religion, the people of Rome had to resort to speaking through other ways, such as Aristotle and Cicero who spent their time who philosophied the importance of moderation, balance, and justice. And the lack of religion importance did not sponser a sense of religious identification that often times reflected itself in India/China. + Religion sometimes was imported from Middle-east causing a large diverse state. -> Greece + Sparta 500 bce – ordinary ppl revolted against trynanic ruler in Athens Clicines -> people desreve freedom therefore created a demo? Alcamiaededs -> dynasty -> faimly of clicines = power/.greed/elite Culture = third world + no sewr = brutish = not really advanced + tough, needed more freedom + w/ opopression = unbearable? ->geography = no physical unity in a civlization (imperial) -> persians -> interactions looked to back up their city/states/region/ tried to kept constant rule Corinth -> leader of trade Argosh -> strength of population Sparta->militarily powerful (ruled with iron fist+hellots + decalred as a warrior community + very evil in killing Sparta might be to one to make a empire, strong + strong xD Culture = very primitive = had a lot of time + culture again was not as sophisticated + never really had a prominent life. So the weak were really already victims of life itself Heros = cultures’ main idols + political warhead 600 bce = tyranincal rule + P. allowed for democracy to developed b/c of allies + long lasting transformed his city by undermining social hierarchy + ppl actually liked him for his power and ability to rule + transformed trade + prosperity (olive oil) Hiipiass = tyrant – stripped away. Clycines = attacked tyranny and to gain trhone Social class = more rqual + olympic games = displayed heroic attempt b/c they battled with strength in nature than strength in wealth -> skillls + ability where anyone can win Only rule = get what you can + fight + show you can win = displays a ancient desire for fighting and heroism that fought to believe that power was their right Isagaress -> ally, greece sent troops to isagaress who wanted to fight and revolt => subject state to sparta -> won = exodus despotic dictato Return power back to clycines? Design a revolutionary governmental situation to a revolutionary situation -> instituted a simple vote between the indiviudual = instituted rule of the people = democracy Persian empire = greatest empire of the day spread fro mteh middle east to med. And bc athens was such a great nation, persian wanted to invade greece w/ 30,000 men. Clycinese was to face a great test Explain 3 key factors to the development of Athens. 2,500 years ago, Greece was but a region geared towards the Mediterrean Sea, a civilization that laid within the boundaries of it’s moutnainous regions, and surrounding sea. It didn’t seem as though Greece would be able to develop though, when all the city-states were essentially seperated from each other, geographically and politically, and constant civil warfare subjected central government rule. However, due to the impact on Heroism, Trade and Geography, and the primitive life style of lower social class, Athens was transformed in the end, developing. Heorism in Athens created a nature of battle, of individualism, and power that impacted the constant civil warfare, making a very diverse state Cleisthenes had wanted to keep aristocratic power, but under the revolutionary civil warfare, Cleisthenes needed a revolutionary government, thus creating democracy in order to keep the power. Trade and geography of Athens Read up on Rome(spirit) religion